ABSTRACT
Early childhood education and care (ECEC), one of the core components of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, refers to organized and sustained services that support the learning, development, and well-being of children. The short- and long-term benefits of investing in ECEC have been widely emphasized in both academic literature and reports by international organizations. However, in Türkiye, ECEC policies and practices remain fragmented, regionally uneven, and institutionally weak. In this context, this paper aims to examine the dynamics shaping parents’ ECEC choices in Türkiye, whether institutional (preschool, daycare, nursery) or home-based (relatives or paid caregivers). Drawing on 600 surveys and 58 in-depth interviews, the findings reveal that parents’ decisions are shaped by an intersection of structural and cultural factors. Limited public capacity, high private costs, and inflexible work schedules push families toward home-based arrangements, while concerns over emotional security, developmental ‘readiness,’ and motherhood norms remain decisive in shaping their choices.
Keywords : child well-being, early childhood education and care, European Union, EU social policy model, ECEC, home-based ECEC, institutional ECEC, SDG4